2023; 6(2): 41-60

DOI: 10.32114/CCI.2023.6.2.41.60
Published online: 2023-06-30 (first online 2023-06-20)

Patients with immune system deficiencies and their predisposition to sepsis - the current state of knowledge.

Wojciech Lizurej [1] , Filip Lorek [1] , Michał Mazurkiewicz [1] ,
Natalia Popłonyk [1] , Łukasz Mazurkiewicz [1] , Julia Janecka [1] ,
Anna Kluzik [2,3] , Małgorzata Grześkowiak [2] .

[1] Scientific Association of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
[2] Department of Teaching Anaestehsiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
[3] Department of Anaestehsiology, Intensive Therapy and Pain Management, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.

    Abstract:

Abstract [EN]   - Many diseases compromise the immune status. Some of them are congenital, and environmental factors induce others. As a result, patients are more prone to other diseases that would not match their clinical presentation at first sight. The main categories include primary and secondary immunodeficiency. Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a group of congenital diseases characterised by incomplete innate or acquired immunity pathways. Secondary immunodeficiency is the result of the immune system being compromised due to an environmental factor, such as specific viruses. The clinical presentation of immunodeficiency tends to be apparent at first sight as diagnostic criteria include recurrent infections of severity that are incoherent with age-related risk factors. Late diagnosis may lead to conditions such as sepsis due to severe infection. Every specialist has his own points of view on the factors that lead to sepsis, but all of them should keep in mind the possibility that a patient develops sepsis. To see the different points of view, we reviewed the literature on patients with immunodeficiency-related sepsis treated by clinicians of different specialities to find factors leading to such complications.

Streszczenie [PL]   - Wiele chorób upośledza stan odporności. Niektóre z nich są wrodzone, a inne wywołują czynniki środowiskowe. W rezultacie pacjenci są bardziej podatni na inne choroby, które na pierwszy rzut oka nie pasują do ich obrazu klinicznego. Główne kategorie obejmują pierwotny i wtórny niedobór odporności. Wrodzone błędy odporności (IEI) to grupa wrodzonych chorób charakteryzujących się niepełnymi wrodzonymi lub nabytymi szlakami odporności. Wtórny niedobór odporności jest wynikiem upośledzenia układu odpornościowego z powodu czynnika środowiskowego, takiego jak określone wirusy. Obraz kliniczny niedoboru odporności wydaje się być widoczny na pierwszy rzut oka, ponieważ kryteria diagnostyczne obejmują nawracające infekcje o nasileniu, które są niespójne z czynnikami ryzyka związanymi z wiekiem. Późna diagnoza może prowadzić do stanów takich jak posocznica z powodu ciężkiej infekcji. Każdy specjalista ma swój punkt widzenia na czynniki, które prowadzą do sepsy, ale każdy z nich powinien mieć na uwadze możliwość rozwoju sepsy u pacjenta. Aby zobaczyć różne punkty widzenia, dokonaliśmy przeglądu literatury dotyczącej pacjentów z posocznicą związaną z niedoborem odporności leczonych przez klinicystów różnych specjalności, aby znaleźć czynniki prowadzące do takich powikłań.

    Citation:

VANCOUVER FORMAT

Lizurej W, Lorek F, Mazurkiewicz M, Popłonyk N, Mazurkiewicz Ł, Janecka J, et al. Patients with immune system deficiencies and their predisposition to sepsis - the current state of knowledge. Crit. Care Innov. 2023; 6(2): 41-60.
DOI: 10.32114/CCI.2023.6.2.41.60

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