@article{Bojanowski2021,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract in the prehospital setting is often a cause of a life-threatening condition. The vast majority of cases (80{\%}) involve bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract and the mortality reaches even 14{\%} of cases. It is then necessary to quickly diagnose and direct the patient for hospitalisation as the most effective treatment in the endoscopic therapy. The study aimed to analyse the profile of the patient referred to a hospital by a primary healthcare physician with suspicion and/or diagnosis of bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors attempted to assess the initial laboratory results of critical parameters (RBC, HGB, HCT and PLT) of patients admitted on an emergency basis in 2017-2020 to the municipal hospital in Siedlce, Poland. The total number of patients with bleeding symptoms referred by a primary healthcare physician was 843. The inclusion procedure included patients referred on an emergency basis only (n=56). The statistical analysis was conducted by means of the Shapiro–Wilk test of normal distribution, Spearman's rho correlation and Chi-Square Tests of Independence. All results were regarded as significant at p {\textless} 0.05. RESULTS: The study included 32 males and 24 females referred in 60.71{\%} of cases with the ICD-10 diagnosis of K92.2. The mean age of the patients was 65.02 years (SD±14.69). The mean hospitalisation time was 5.11 days (SD±12.14), both in males and females. The average blood test results in males were as follows: RBC: 3.28 106/$\mu$L; HGB: 9.26 g/dL; HCT: 27.94{\%}; PLT: 229.13 103/$\mu$L, while in females: RBC: 3.26 106/$\mu$L; HGB: 9.76 g/dL; HCT: 29.12{\%}; PLT: 240.33 103/$\mu$L. Therapy with packed red blood cells was significantly dependent on the level of RBC (p=0.000), HGB (p=0.001) and HCT (p=0.000). However, it was not dependent on PLT (p=0.141). A similar tendency was shown in the correlation of plasma therapy with critical values of selected laboratory tests (RBC: p=0,000; HGB: p=0.021; HCT: p=0.005; PLT: p=0.116). CONCLUSIONS: The hospitalisation of patients from the study group concerned mostly to older males, whose laboratory test results were usually much below the normal limits. Patients referred to hospital on an emergency basis usually warrant therapy related to deep anaemia. Despite a high survival rate, educational programmes aiming at early diagnosis of symptoms and implementation of diagnostics for bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract are to be considered.},
author = {Bojanowski, Adrian and Mitura, Kryspin and Kisielewski, Krystian and Leszczy{\'{n}}ski, Piotr Konrad},
doi = {10.32114/CCI.2021.4.1.11.20},
file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/HP/Desktop/4(1)11-20 (1).pdf:pdf},
journal = {Critical Care Innovations},
keywords = {Gastrointestinal bleeding,admittance.,blood count,hospital},
number = {1},
pages = {11--20},
title = {{Course of hospitalization of patients referred on an emergency basis due to bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract .}},
url = {https://www.irdim.net/cci/4(1)11-20.html},
volume = {4},
year = {2021}
}